Subgroup normality degrees of finite groups. II.
This is a continuation of part I [\textit{F. Saedi, M. Farrokhi D. G.} and \textit{S. H. Jafari}, Arch. Math. 96, No. 3, 215-224 (2011; Zbl 1226.20056)]. When \(H\) is a subgroup of a finite group \(G\), the authors define the subgroup normality degree \(\mathcal P_N(H,G)\) to be the proportion of pairs \((h,g)\in H\times G\) which satisfy \(h^g\in H\); in particular, \(\mathcal P_N(H,G)=1\) if and only if \(H\) is normal in \(G\). Let \(\mathcal P_N(G)\) be the set of all \(\mathcal P_N(H,G)\) as \(H\) runs over the subgroups of \(G\).NEWLINENEWLINE The authors' object in this paper is to show how the values in \(\mathcal P_N(G)\) can determine group theoretic properties of \(G\). For example, if \(\mathcal P_N(G)\) is contained in \((0,\frac{1}{2}]\cup\{1\}\) or \((\frac{3}{10},1]\) then \(G\) is solvable. Furthermore, \(\min\mathcal P_N(G)=\frac{3}{4}\) if and only if \(G=P\times M\) where \(M\) is Abelian of odd order and \(P\) is a \(2\)-group with \(\min\mathcal P_N(P)=\frac{3}{4}\); and \(\min\mathcal P_N(G)=\frac{2}{3}\) if and only if \(G=PQ\times M\) where \(M\) is Abelian of order prime to \(6\), \(P\) is a \(2\)-group, \(Q\) is a normal 3-subgroup of \(PQ\) and \(\min\mathcal P_N(PQ)=\frac{2}{3}\).
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