Subgroup separability, knot groups and graph manifolds

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A group \(G\) is called ``subgroup separable, if each finitely generated subgroup \(H\) is the intersection of finite index subgroups. Examples of \(3\)-manifold groups were given by Burns, Karrass and Solitar which are not subgroup separable, and they asked the question whether knot groups might always be. In this paper non-subgroup separable knot groups are exhibited such as product knots where one factor is a non-trivial torus knot, or the group \(L\) of a link consisting of a chain of four circles. The group \(L\) plays a particular role in the case of \(G=\pi_1M\), \(M\) a compact graph manifold. Theorem: The following are equivalent: (i) \(\pi_1M\) is subgroup separable, (ii) \(M\) is a Seifert manifold or \(M\) is virtually a torus bundle over \(S^1\), (iii) There is no embedding of \(L\) in \(\pi_1M\). Further examples are given in the form of amalgamated free products.




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