Subnormal subgroups in division rings with generalized power central group identities.
finite-dimensional division ringsgeneralized group identitiesHerstein conjecturelocally PI division ringsmultiplicative groups of division ringspower central identitiessubnormal subgroups
Finite-dimensional division rings (16K20) Infinite-dimensional and general division rings (16K40) Other kinds of identities (generalized polynomial, rational, involution) (16R50) Units, groups of units (associative rings and algebras) (16U60) Chains and lattices of subgroups, subnormal subgroups (20E15)
Let \(D\) be an associative division ring with centre \(F\), and let \(D^*\) and \(F^*\) be the multiplicative groups of \(D\) and \(F\), respectively. The paper under review shows that if the field \(F\) is uncountable or \(D\) is finite-dimensional as an algebra over \(F\), then \(F^*\) includes every subnormal subgroup of \(D^*\), which satisfies a nontrivial generalized power central group identity. This proves Herstein's conjecture in the special case where \(D\) is finite-dimensional over \(F\) (and, more generally, when \(D\) is a locally PI division ring). \textit{I. N. Herstein}'s conjecture [posed in Isr. J. Math. 31, 180-188 (1978; Zbl 0394.16015)] states that every element \(a\in D^*\) satisfying the condition that \((axa^{-1}x^{-1})^{n(x)}\in F^*\), for all \(x\in D^*\) must be central, i.e. \(a\in F^*\). The conjecture has been proved, under the extra hypothesis that \(F\) is uncountable, by \textit{I. N. Herstein} (in zero characteristic), and by \textit{K. Chiba}, for an arbitrary characteristic [see Bull. Aust. Math. Soc. 49, No. 1, 85-90 (1994; Zbl 0801.16017); Rend. Circ. Mat. Palermo, II. Ser. 29, 485-489 (1980; Zbl 0474.16011), respectively]. As shown in the paper under review, the conclusion of Herstein's conjecture holds, for \(D\) locally PI, if \(a\) satisfies its condition when \(x\) runs across a noncentral subnormal subgroup \(N\) of \(D^*\).
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