Superharmonic extension and harmonic approximation

Let \(\Omega\) be an open set in \(\mathbb{R}^ n\) and \(E\) be a relatively closed subset of \(\Omega\). This paper solves the following problems. Find necessary and sufficient conditions on \((\Omega,E)\) so that: (i) for each superharmonic function \(u\) on \(E\), there is a superharmonic function \(\bar u\) on \(\Omega\) such that \(\bar u= u\) on \(E\) (or on an open set which contains \(E\)); (ii) for each harmonic (resp. superharmonic) function \(u\) on \(E\) and each positive number \(\varepsilon\), there is a harmonic (resp. superharmonic) function \(\vartheta\) on \(\Omega\) such that \(u- \varepsilon\leq \vartheta\leq u+ \varepsilon\) on \(E\); (iii) for each function \(h\) which is continuous on \(E\) and harmonic on \(E^ 0\), and for each positive number \(\varepsilon\), there is a harmonic function \(H\) on \(\Omega\) such that \(| H- h|< \varepsilon\) on \(E\); (iv) for each harmonic (resp. superharmonic) function \(u\) on \(E\), there is a harmonic (resp. superharmonic) function \(\vartheta\) on \(\Omega\) and a positive number \(a\) such that \(u- a\leq \vartheta\leq u+ a\) on \(E\).

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