Surfaces with flat normal bundle: An explicit construction

DOI10.1016/S0926-2245(00)00042-5MaRDI QIDQ5931424zbMATH OpenWikidataFDO

Authors E. V. Ferapontov

Publication date 24 April 2001

Published in Differential Geometry and its Applications (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/math/9805012

zbMATH Keywords

\(W\)-congruencescoordinate net of curvature linesflat normal bundleRibaucour congruences

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Surfaces in Euclidean and related spaces (53A05) Higher-dimensional and -codimensional surfaces in Euclidean and related (n)-spaces (53A07)

Abstract: An explicit construction of surfaces with flat normal bundle in the Euclidean space (unit hypersphere) in terms of solutions of certain linear system is proposed. In the case of 3-space our formulae can be viewed as the direct Lie sphere analog of the generalized Weierstrass representation of surfaces in conformal geometry or the Lelieuvre representation of surfaces in the affine space. An explicit parametrization of Ribaucour congruences of spheres by three solutions of the linear system is obtained. In view of the classical Lie correspondence between Ribaucour congruences and surfaces with flat normal bundle in the Lie quadric this gives an explicit representation of surfaces with flat normal bundle in the 4-dimensional space form of the Lorentzian signature. Direct projective analog of this construction is the known parametrization of W-congruences by three solutions of the Moutard equation. Under the Pl"ucker embedding W-congruences give rise to surfaces with flat normal bundle in the Pl"ucker quadric. Integrable evolutions of surfaces with flat normal bundle and parallels with the theory of nonlocal Hamiltonian operators of hydrodynamic type are discussed in the conclusion.

Review text

The author makes an explicit construction of an arbitrary two-dimensional surface \(M^2\) in the unit hypersphere \(S^{m+1} \subset E^{m+2}\) with flat normal bundle. Hereby \(S^2\) is parametrized by curvature line parameters \(x,y\) and the construction depends on the solution of the linear PDEs \(\kappa_x= \tan\varphi (x,y)s_x\), \(\kappa_y= -\cot\varphi (x,y)s_y\) with any function \(\varphi (x,y)\). The author's considerations may be generalized to the case of submanifolds \(M^n\) with \(n>2\) if \(M^n\) carries a coordinate net of curvature lines. Surfaces \(M^2\) in a 4-dimensional quadric \(S^{3,1}\) of constant curvature 1 and signature \((+++-)\) resp. in the 4-dimensional Plücker quadric \(S^{2,2}\) of constant curvature 1 and signature \((++--)\) with flat normal bundle are constructed as well using Ribaucour congruences of spheres resp. \(W\)-congruences of lines in \(E^3\). Finally, questions of evolution and Hamilton operators are handled.

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Cited in

(10)

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• Hypersurfaces of space forms carrying a totally geodesic foliation
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• Flat structures on surface bundles
• On critical normal sections for two-dimensional immersions in \({\mathbb R^{n+2}}\)

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