Symmetries of almost complex structures and pseudoholomorphic foliations

DOI10.1142/S0129167X14500797MaRDI QIDQ2925307zbMATH OpenWikidataFDO

Authors Boris Kruglikov

Publication date 21 October 2014

Published in International Journal of Mathematics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1103.4404

zbMATH Keywords

almost complex manifoldintegrable structureNijenhuis tensorpseudogroup of local pseudoholomorphic symmetries

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Infinite-dimensional Lie groups and their Lie algebras: general properties (22E65) Almost complex manifolds (32Q60) Differential invariants (local theory), geometric objects (53A55) General geometric structures on manifolds (almost complex, almost product structures, etc.) (53C15)

Abstract: Generically an almost complex structure has no symmetries at all, but there exist symmetric structures. In this paper we describe how to guarantee that the pseudogroup of local symmetries is small (finite-dimensional). It will be indicated that a large symmetry pseudogroup (infinite-dimensional) is a signature of some integrable structure, like a pseudoholomorphic foliation. We are mostly concerned with almost complex structures in dimensions 4 and 6, where we classify the sub-maximal symmetric structures, and we briefly discuss the higher dimensions. For non-degenerate almost complex structures we give an estimate on the dimension of the automorphism group.

Review text

Let \((M,J)\) be a \(2n\)-dimensional almost-complex manifold. This paper is concerned with the pseudogroup of local (pseudoholomorphic) symmetries of \((M,J)\). This contains the group of (global) automorphisms of \((M,J)\), and the main theme of the paper is that a large symmetry pseudogroup implies that \((M,J)\) carries some integrable structure. One of the main results is that if \(J\) is nondegenerate (which here means that the Nijenhuis tensor, viewed as a map \(\Lambda^2 TM\to TM\), is surjective when \(n>2\) and that its image is a non-integrable distribution when \(n=2\)), then the pseudogroup of symmetries is finite-dimensional. In particular, if \(J\) is nondegenerate in at least one point then the automorphism group of \((M,J)\) is a finite-dimensional Lie group.NEWLINENEWLINEFurthermore, if \(n=2\) then the dimension of the symmetries pseudogroup is at most \(4\), with equality holding only for left-invariant almost-complex structures on Lie groups, and if \(n=3\) then the dimension is at most \(14\), with equality holding only for the standard almost-complex structure on \(S^6\) coming from the octonions, and for the similar unit sphere \(S^{2,4}\) in the purely imaginary split octonions.

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Cited in

(14)

• Reeb components of leafwise complex foliations and their symmetries. II
• Non-degenerate para-complex structures in 6D with large symmetry groups
• Submaximally symmetric almost quaternionic structures
• The gap phenomenon in the dimension study of finite type systems
• Complete prolongation for infinitesimal automorphisms on almost complex manifolds
• Invariants and submanifolds in almost complex geometry
• Symmetry, compatibility and exact solutions of PDEs
• Symétries birationnelles des surfaces feuilletÉes
• Reconstruction from representations: Jacobi via cohomology
• Homogeneous almost complex structures in dimension 6 with semi-simple isotropy
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• Invariant and non-invariant almost complex structures on compact quotients of Lie groups
• Almost complex structures in 6D with non-degenerate Nijenhuis tensors and large symmetry groups
• Hamiltonian dynamics and geometry on the two-plectic six-sphere

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