Tests for injectivity of modules over commutative rings

Abstract: It is proved that a module M over a commutative noetherian ring R is injective if Ext^i((R/p)_p,M)=0 holds for every ige 1 and every prime ideal p in R. This leads to the following characterization of injective modules: If F is faithfully flat, then a module M such that Hom(F,M) is injective and Ext^i(F,M)=0 for all ige 1 is injective. A limited version of this characterization is also proved for certain non-noetherian rings.

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The main result is as follows: Let \(R\) be a commutative Noetherian ring and let \(M\) be an \(R\)-complex. If there is an integer \(d\) such that, for every prime ideal \(I\triangleleft R\) and every \(i>d\) the equality Ext\(^i_R(k(I),M)=0\) holds, then the injective dimension of \(M\) is \(\leq d\) (the symbol \(k(I)\) denotes the field \((R/I)_I\)). In a not necessarily Noetherian case, the authors offer the following result: Let \(R\) be a commutative ring with splf\,\(R<\infty\), let \(S\) be a faithfully flat \(R\)-algebra of projective dimension at most 1, and let \(M\) be an \(R\)-module. If Ext\(^1_R(S,M)=0\) and the \(S\)-module Hom\(_R(S,M)\) is injective, then \(M\) is injective (here splf\,\(R\) denotes the invariant sup\{projdim\(_R\,F\, |\, F\) is a flat \(R\)-module\(\}\)).

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