The 3x+1 Problem: An Overview

MaRDI QIDQ2996233zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Jeffrey C. Lagarias

Publication date 6 May 2011

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2111.02635, http://www.ams.org/bookstore/pspdf/mbk-78-prev.pdf

zbMATH Keywords

Ulam's problemCollatz problem\(3x+1\) problemSyracuse problemHasse's algorithmKakutani's problem

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Special sequences and polynomials (11B83) Research exposition (monographs, survey articles) pertaining to number theory (11-02)

Abstract: This paper is an overview and survey of work on the 3x+1 problem, also called the Collatz problem, and generalizations of it. It gives a history of the problem. It addresses two questions: (1) What can mathematics currently say about this problem? (as of 2010). (2) How can this problem be hard, when it is so easy to state?

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Cited in

(12)

• Collatz map as a non-singular transformation
• Koopman Operators and the 3x+1-Dynamical System
• Linear dynamics of an operator associated to the Collatz map
• The real 3x+1 problem
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 5866431 (Why is no real title available?)
• Conway's work on iteration
• Extended dynamic mode decomposition for two paradigms of non-linear dynamical systems
• A Note on the 3x + 1 Problem
• Struggling with the 3x + 1 problem
• A geometric approach to divergent points of higher dimensional Collatz mappings
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 5866417 (Why is no real title available?)
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1114509 (Why is no real title available?)

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