The Favard Class for a Parabolic Problem with Wentzell Boundary Conditions
Let \(A\) satisfy the hypotheses of the Crandall-Liggett theorem, so that \(A\) generates a nonlinear semigroup \(\{T(t):t>0\}\) on a Banach space \(X\). Let \(D(A)\) and \(F(A)\) denote, respectively, the domain and the Favard class of \(A\). Then always \(T(t)\) maps \(F(A)\) into \(F(A)\), and \(F(A)=D(A)\) when \(X\) is reflexive, but in general \(T(t)\) does not leave \(D(A)\) invariant. In many important applications, \(X\) is an \(L^1\) space or a sup norm space, and the regularity of the solution \(u(t)=T(t)f\) of \(du/dt=Au\), \(u(0)=f\), is a difficult issue to understand. Since \(F(A)\) encodes some (spatial) regularity, the invariance of \(F(A)\) gives useful information provided \(F(A)\) can be found explicitly. This is normally hard to do. In the first nontrivial case where it was done by \textit{G. R. Goldstein}, \textit{J. A. Goldstein} and \textit{S. Oharu} [A. C. Mc Bride (ed.) et al., Recent developments in evolution equations. Proceedings of a meeting held at the University of Strathclyde, UK, 25--29 July, 1994. Harlow: Longman Scientific \& Technical. Pitman Res. Notes Math. Ser. 324, 134--147 (1995; Zbl 0828.34051)], \(A\) was a restriction of the singular ordinary differential operator \(Lu=F(x,u')u\) acting on \(C[0,1]\); \(A\) is singular because \(F(x,s)\) can vanish for \(x=0\) or 1. The boundary conditions for \(A\) were of Robin type. The present paper extends this to Wentzell boundary conditions: \(Lu(j)=0,\;j=0,1\). Related results and examples are also given.
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