The beta ansatz: a tale of two complex structures
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Toric varieties, Newton polyhedra, Okounkov bodies (14M25) Calabi-Yau manifolds (algebro-geometric aspects) (14J32) Topology and geometry of orbifolds (57R18) Yang-Mills and other gauge theories in quantum field theory (81T13) String and superstring theories; other extended objects (e.g., branes) in quantum field theory (81T30) Two-dimensional field theories, conformal field theories, etc. in quantum mechanics (81T40) Supersymmetric field theories in quantum mechanics (81T60) Elliptic curves (14H52)
Abstract: Brane tilings, sometimes called dimer models, are a class of bipartite graphs on a torus which encode the gauge theory data of four-dimensional SCFTs dual to D3-branes probing toric Calabi--Yau threefolds. An efficient way of encoding this information exploits the theory of dessin d'enfants, expressing the structure in terms of a permutation triple, which is in turn related to a Belyi pair, namely a holomorphic map from a torus to a P^1 with three marked points. The procedure of a-maximization, in the context of isoradial embeddings of the dimer, also associates a complex structure to the torus, determined by the R-charges in the SCFT, which can be compared with the Belyi complex structure. Algorithms for the explicit construction of the Belyi pairs are described in detail. In the case of orbifolds, these algorithms are related to the construction of covers of elliptic curves, which exploits the properties of Weierstrass elliptic functions. We present a counterexample to a previous conjecture identifying the complex structure of the Belyi curve to the complex structure associated with R-charges.
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Cited in
(14)- On the structure of quadrilateral brane tilings
- Machine-learning dessins d’enfants: explorations via modular and Seiberg–Witten curves
- Gauge theories, tessellations \& Riemann surfaces
- ${\cal N}=2$ N = 2 gauge theories: Congruence subgroups, coset graphs, and modular surfaces
- Invariants of toric Seiberg duality
- Integrality, duality and finiteness in combinatoric topological strings
- Gauge theories and dessins d'enfants: beyond the torus
- Bipartita: physics, geometry \& number theory
- Composite genus one Belyi maps
- Calabi-Yau orbifolds and torus coverings
- Toric CFTs, permutation triples, and Belyi pairs
- Brane geometry and dimer models
- Some open questions in quiver gauge theory
- Genus one Belyi maps by quadratic correspondences
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