The braidings in the mapping class groups of surfaces

DOI10.4134/JKMS.2013.50.4.865MaRDI QIDQ2870423zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Yongjin Song

Publication date 20 January 2014

Published in Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1205.1606, http://www.mathnet.or.kr/mathnet/kms_content.php?no=411104

zbMATH Keywords

braid groupbraided monoidal categoryDehn twistsdouble loop spacemapping class groupplus construction

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Loop space machines and operads in algebraic topology (55P48) Maps between classifying spaces in algebraic topology (55R37) General geometric structures on low-dimensional manifolds (57M50)

Abstract: The disjoint union of mapping class groups of surfaces forms a braided monoidal category $mathcalM$, as the disjoint union of the braid groups $mathcalB$ does. We give a concrete, and geometric meaning of the braiding $$ in $M$. Moreover, we find a set of elements in the mapping class groups which correspond to the standard generators of the braid groups. Using this, we obtain an obvious map $phi:B_{g}aGamm{a}_{g,1}$. We show that this map $phi$ is injective and nongeometric in the sense of Wajnryb. Since this map extends to a braided monoidal functor $Phi:mathcalBightarrowmathcalM$, the integral homology homomorphism induced by $phi$ is trivial in the stable range.

Review text

The disjoint union of all braid groups \(B_g\) forms a braided monoidal category \(\mathcal{B}\). Let \(\Gamma_{g,1}\) denote the mapping class group of a surface of genus \(g\) with 1 boundary component; the pair-of-pants product makes \(\coprod_g \Gamma_{g,1}\) into a monoidal category \(\mathcal{M}\) which turns out to also have a braided structure previously studied by the author in [Tohoku Math. J. (2) 52, No. 2, 309--319 (2000; Zbl 0974.57010)] in terms of generators and relations. In this paper the author studies the braiding on \(\mathcal{M}\) from a more geometrical point of view and constructs a braided monoidal functor \(\phi: \mathcal{B} \to \mathcal{M}\) that is faithful. In particular, the group completions of the classifying spaces are both double loop spaces and the induced map is a map of double loop spaces which must therefore be null homotopic by the results of \textit{Y. Song} and \textit{U. Tillmann} [Math. Ann. 339, No. 2, 377--393 (2007; Zbl 1167.55004)]. The braiding structure on \(\mathcal{M}\) is expressed as a composition of Dehn twists and half-twists.

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