The dynamics of parallel transport
Local Riemannian geometry (53B20) Momentum maps; symplectic reduction (53D20) Geodesic flows in symplectic geometry and contact geometry (53D25) Dynamics of multibody systems (70E55) Differential geometric methods (tensors, connections, symplectic, Poisson, contact, Riemannian, nonholonomic, etc.) for problems in mechanics (70G45) Symmetries and conservation laws, reverse symmetries, invariant manifolds and their bifurcations, reduction for problems in Hamiltonian and Lagrangian mechanics (70H33)
Here the Lagrangian is derived for the motion of small filaments and spheres moving within a Riemannian manifold. The motion of a small sphere generates parallel translation along the curve traced by its center.NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINEThe main result is the following: Let \(H_w= \{v^a: T_{\pi_a} v^a\) is horizontal\(\}\subseteq TQ_n\) be the horizontal distribution of the Levi-Civita connection on the bundle of orthonormal frames. Then \(H_n\) is invariant under the flow of the Lagrangian \(L_{\varepsilon,n}\), and the flow on \(H_n\) is given by parallel translation along the geodesics of the metric \(g+({\varepsilon^2\over n})R\) where \(R\) is the Ricci tensor and NEWLINE\[NEWLINE\begin{aligned} L_{\varepsilon, n} &= {1\over 2} \Biggl(g_{ij}+ {\varepsilon^2\over n} R_{ij}\Biggr)\dot q^i\dot q^j+ {\varepsilon^2\over 2n} \delta^{\alpha\beta} g_{ij} V^i_\alpha V^j_\beta,\\ V^i_\alpha &= \dot v^i_\alpha+ \Gamma^i_{kr}\dot q^k v^r_\alpha.\end{aligned}NEWLINE\]NEWLINE{}.
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