The fast diffusion equation with measure data
The following fast diffusion equation is studied \[ u_t - \Delta u^m = \mu, \quad 0 < m < 1, \] in \(\Omega_T = \Omega \times (0,T)\), where \(\Omega\) is a domain of \(\mathbb R^n\). Here \(\mu\) is a general finite, positive Borel measure. The power \(m\) is allowed to take values in the supercritical range \(m_c < m < 1\), where \(m_c = (n - 2)^+/n\). The fundamental difficulty in the existence results of this kind is that general measures do not belong to the dual of the natural function space for weak solutions. The main result of the paper is as follows: Let \(\mu\) be a Radon measure such that \(\mu(\Omega_T) < \infty\). Then there exists a function \(u\) such that \(u^m \in L^q(0,T;W_0^{1,q}(\Omega))\), where \(q\) is any number such that \(1 \leq q < 1 + 1/(1 + mn)\) and the above-mentioned equation holds in the weak sense.
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