The special symplectic structure of binary cubics

DOI10.1007/978-0-8176-4817-6_8MaRDI QIDQ2912022zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors M. J. Slupinski, Robert J. Stanton

Publication date 13 September 2012

Published in Representation Theory, Complex Analysis, and Integral Geometry (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/0906.4309

zbMATH Keywords

moment mapprehomogeneous vector spacebinary cubic polynomialsCardano-Tartaglia formulaEisenstein syzygyspecial symplectic structure

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Momentum maps; symplectic reduction (53D20) Forms of degree higher than two (11E76) Prehomogeneous vector spaces (11S90) Special polynomials in general fields (12E10)

Abstract: Let $k$ be a field of characteristic not 2 or 3. Let $V$ be the $k$-space of binary cubic polynomials. The natural symplectic structure on $k^2$ promotes to a symplectic structure $omega$ on $V$ and from the natural symplectic action of $extrmSl(2,k)$ one obtains the symplectic module $(V,omega)$. We give a complete analysis of this symplectic module from the point of view of the associated moment map, its norm square $Q$ (essentially the classical discriminant) and the symplectic gradient of $Q$. Among the results are a symplectic derivation of the Cardano-Tartaglia formulas for the roots of a cubic, detailed parameters for all $extrmSl(2,k)$ and $extrmGl(2,k)$-orbits, in particular identifying a group structure on the set of $extrmSl(2,k)$-orbits of fixed nonzero discriminant, and a purely symplectic generalization of the classical Eisenstein syzygy for the covariants of a binary cubic. Such fine symplectic analysis is due to the special symplectic nature inherited from the ambient exceptional Lie algebra $mathfrak{G}_2$.

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Cited in

(4)

• Geometric properties of special orthogonal representations associated to exceptional Lie superalgebras
• The geometry of special symplectic representations
• Covariant symplectic geometry of binary forms and singularities of systems of rays
• Polynomial invariants and moduli of generic two-dimensional commutative algebras

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