The structure of tame minimal dynamical systems for general groups

DOI10.1007/S00222-017-0747-ZMaRDI QIDQ1692198zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Eli Glasner

Publication date 26 January 2018

Published in Inventiones Mathematicae (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1707.00150

zbMATH Keywords

distal system strongly proximal system structure theorem tame dynamical system

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Abstract: We use the structure theory of minimal dynamical systems to show that, for a general group

G a m m a

, a tame, metric, minimal dynamical system

(X, G a m m a)

has the following structure: �egin{equation*} xymatrix {& ilde{X} ar[dd]_pi ar[dl]_eta & X^* ar[l]_-{ heta^*} ar[d]^{iota} ar@/^2pc/@{>}^{pi^*}[dd]\ X & & Z ar[d]^sigma\ & Y & Y^* ar[l]^ heta } end{equation*} Here (i)

i l d e X

is a metric minimal and tame system (ii)

e t a

is a strongly proximal extension, (iii)

Y

is a strongly proximal system, (iv)

p i

is a point distal and RIM extension with unique section, (v)

h e t a

,

h e t a^{*}

and

i o t a

are almost one-to-one extensions, and (vi)

s i g m a

is an isometric extension. When the map

p i

is also open this diagram reduces to �egin{equation*} xymatrix {& ilde{X} ar[dl]_eta ar[d]^{iota} ar@/^2pc/@{>}^pi[dd]\ X & Z ar[d]^sigma\ & Y } end{equation*} In general the presence of the strongly proximal extension

e t a

is unavoidable. If the system

(X, G a m m a)

admits an invariant measure

m u

then

Y

is trivial and

X = i l d e X

is an almost automorphic system; i.e.

X o v e r s e t i o t a o Z

, where

i o t a

is an almost one-to-one extension and

Z

is equicontinuous. Moreover,

m u

is unique and

i o t a

is a measure theoretical isomorphism

i o t a : (X, m u, G a m m a) o (Z, l a m b d a, G a m m a)

, with

l a m b d a

the Haar measure on

Z

. Thus, this is always the case when

G a m m a

is amenable.

Review text

A metric dynamical system \((X,\Gamma)\) -- an action of a group \(\Gamma\) by homeomorphisms of a compact metric space \(X\) -- is said to be tame if its associated enveloping semigroup \(E(X,\Gamma)\) (the closure of the image of \(\Gamma\) in \(X^X\)) is a separable Fréchet compact space (by a result of the author and \textit{M. Megrelishvili} [Colloq. Math. 104, No. 2, 223--283 (2006; Zbl 1094.54020)] the alternative is that \(E(X,\Gamma)\) contains a homeomorphic copy of \(\beta\mathbb{N}\)). Generalizing earlier work of the author [Ergodic Theory Dyn. Syst. 27, No. 6, 1819--1837 (2007; Zbl 1127.37011)] in the case of abelian \(\Gamma\), a structure theorem for tame metric dynamical systems is found with no hypothesis on the acting group \(\Gamma\). In the non-amenable case the theory is more complicated, and may involve an unavoidable non-trivial strongly proximal factor. While being of necessity technical, the presentation is more or less self-contained, with a useful overview of the structure theory of minimal dynamical systems adapted to the setting.

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