The zeros of the partition function of the pinning model

DOI10.1007/S11040-022-09428-3MaRDI QIDQ2156275zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Giambattista Giacomin, Rafael L. Greenblatt

Publication date 18 July 2022

Published in Mathematical Physics, Analysis and Geometry (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2107.11804

zbMATH Keywords

Griffiths singularitiespinning models with complex potentialssharp asymptotic behavior of partition functionzeros of partition function

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Zeros of polynomials, rational functions, and other analytic functions of one complex variable (e.g., zeros of functions with bounded Dirichlet integral) (30C15) Harmonic, subharmonic, superharmonic functions in higher dimensions (31B05) Characteristic functions; other transforms (60E10) Central limit and other weak theorems (60F05) Interacting random processes; statistical mechanics type models; percolation theory (60K35) Critical phenomena in equilibrium statistical mechanics (82B27) Disordered systems (random Ising models, random Schrödinger operators, etc.) in equilibrium statistical mechanics (82B44)

Abstract: We aim at understanding for which (complex) values of the potential the pinning partition function vanishes. The pinning model is a Gibbs measure based on discrete renewal processes with power law inter-arrival distributions. We obtain some results for rather general inter-arrival laws, but we achieve a substantially more complete understanding for a specific one parameter family of inter-arrivals. We show, for such a specific family, that the zeros asymptotically lie on (and densely fill) a closed curve that, unsurprisingly, touches the real axis only in one point (the critical point of the model). We also perform a sharper analysis of the zeros close to the critical point and we exploit this analysis to approach the challenging problem of Griffiths singularities for the disordered pinning model. The techniques we exploit are both probabilistic and analytical. Regarding the first, a central role is played by limit theorems for heavy tail random variables. As for the second, potential theory and singularity analysis of generating functions, along with their interplay, will be at the heart of several of our arguments.

Review text

The authors are interested in complex values of the potential when the pinning partition function vanishes. The pinning model is a Gibbs measure based on discrete renewal processes with power-law inter-arrival distributions. Namely, let \(\tau = (\tau_ j)_{j=0,1,2,\dots}\) be a discrete recurrent renewal process with \(\tau_0 = 0\). Here \((\tau_{ j+1}- \tau_j)_{j=0,1,2,\dots}\) is a sequence of IID random variables taking values in \(\mathbb N := \{1, 2,\dots\}\). Define the partition function as \[ Z_{N,h} :=\mathbf{E}\left[\exp\left(h\sum_{n=1}^N \mathbf{1}_{n\in \tau}\right) \mathbf{1}_{N\in \tau}\right], \] where \(\tau = \{\tau_0, \tau_1,\dots\}\) is assumed as a random subset of \(\mathbb N \cup \{0\}\), and \(h\in \mathbb C\). In the paper some results for general inter-arrival laws are proved, but more details are discussed for a specific one-parameter family of inter-arrivals. In such a specific family, it is shown that the zeros asymptotically lie on a closed curve. These zeros touch the real axis only in one point, which is the critical point of the model. Moreover, a sharper analysis of the zeros close to the critical point is given. This is used to approach a complex problem of Griffiths singularities for the disordered pinning model. These investigations are related to limit theorems for heavy tail random variables, potential theory and singularity analysis of generating functions.

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Cited in

(3)

• Pinning of interfaces in a random medium with zero mean
• The partition function zeros in the one-dimensional q-state Potts model
• The free energy of the random walk pinning model

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