There are reasonably nice logics
A well-known question of Feferman asks whether there is a logic which extends the logic \(L(\exists^{\geq\aleph_ 1})\) \((=L(Q_ 1))\), is \(\aleph_ 0\)-compact and satisfies the interpolation theorem. The same question was open when \(\aleph_ 1\) in \(\exists^{\geq\aleph_ 1}\) is replaced by any other uncountable cardinal \(\kappa\). We show that when \(\kappa\) is an uncountable strongly compact cardinal and there is a strongly compact cardinal \(>\kappa\), then there is such a logic. It is impossible to prove the existence of uncountable strongly compact cardinals in ZFC. However, the logic that we describe has a simple and natural definition, together with several other pleasant properties. For example it satisfies Robinson's lemma, PPP (pair preservation property, viz. the theory of the sum of two models is the sum of their theories), versions of the elementary chain lemma for chains of length \(<\lambda\), and isomorphism of (suitable) ultralimits. This logic is described in \S2 we call it \({\mathcal L}^ 1\). In \S1 we describe a logic \({\mathcal L}^ 0\) which extends \(L(\exists^{\geq\kappa})\) (and even Magidor-Malitz logic in the \(\kappa\)-interpretation) when \(\kappa\) is a weakly compact cardinal. It is also (\({\aleph}_ 0,<\kappa)\)-compact. This logic seems not to satisfy the Robinson lemma or the interpolation theorem. But it does have two interesting and unusual features. First, it satisfies the natural analogue of the Łoś-Tarski theorem (characterizing the first-order sentences preserved in submodels). And second, it has reasonable axioms.
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- The theorems of Beth and Craig in abstract model theory. III: \(\Delta\)- logics and infinitary logics
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