Three-dimensional Lorentz manifolds admitting a parallel null vector field
The authors study three-dimensional Lorentz manifolds admitting a parallel degenerate line field as well as some of their curvature properties. Special attention is paid to the Ricci tensor as a main factor in determining the curvature tensor of the manifold. The covariant derivative along with some other characteristics of the Ricci tensor are obtained. Some Einstein-like properties are considered. A necessary and sufficient condition for a three-dimensional Lorentz manifold admitting a parallel null vector field to be locally symmetric is given. Further, it is shown that the Ricci tensor of such a manifold is cyclic parallel if and only if it is parallel, i.e. locally symmetric. The authors also prove that the Ricci tensor of a three-dimensional Lorentz manifolds admitting a parallel degenerate line field is Codacci (or equivalently the curvature is harmonic) if and only if the manifold is locally conformally flat. It is known that a complete connected locally conformally flat three-dimensional Riemannian manifold with non-negative scalar curvature is either isometric to a space form of constant sectional curvature or to a product of a surface of constant curvature and the real line. The authors demonstrate that this is not the case in the Lorentz setting. They provide a family of complete locally conformally flat Lorentz manifolds with vanishing scalar curvature that belong to neither of the above mentioned categories.
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