Three term rational function progressions in finite fields

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Let \(F(t), G(t)\) be rational functions over \(\mathbb{Q}\) such that \(F(t), G(t)\) and the constant function 1 are linearly independent over \(\mathbb{Q}\). Solving a problem of \textit{J. Bourgain} and \textit{M.-C. Chang} [Isr. J. Math., 221, No. 2, 853--867 (2017; Zbl 1420.11024], the authors give an asymptotic formula for the counting operator for three term rational function progressions of the form \(x, x+F(y), x+G(y)\) in subsets of the finite field with \(p\) elements. Moreover, they prove that there exists a constant \(C_{F,G} > 0\) such that if \(A\) is a subset of the finite field with \(p\) elements of size at least \(C_{F,G}\cdot p^{14/15}\), then the number of pairs \((x,y)\in \mathbb{F}_{p}^{2}\), where \(y\) is not a pole of \(F\) or \(G\) and \(x, x+F(y), x+G(y)\in A\) is \(\gg_{F,G} |A|^{3}/p\). The proofs are based on an algebraic geometry version of PET induction developed by the authors.











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