Topological methods in nonlinear analysis

DOI10.1017/S0004972700032524MaRDI QIDQ4236682zbMATH OpenFDO

Publication date 28 March 1999

Published in Bulletin of the Australian Mathematical Society (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.1017/S0004972700032524

This thesis is concerned with various topological methods for proving the solvability of nonlinear operator equations. The first topic of the thesis concerns the development of a random degree theory for solving nonlinear problems which depend on a parameter in a measurable way. The typical nonlinear problem which this is applicable to is of the form \(L(x)\in N(\omega, x)\), where \(L\) is a linear Fredholm mapping of index zero, and \(N\) is a multivalued mapping, measurable with respect to \(\omega\) and upper semicontinuous in \(x\). Here \(L:\text{dom } X\to Z\) and \(N:\Omega\times G\to CK(Z)\), where \(\Omega\) is a measurable space, \(X\) is a Banach space, \(G\subset X, Z\) is a normed linear space and \(CK(Z)\) denotes the set of nonempty compact convex subsets of \(Z\). A solution of the above inclusion is a measurable mapping \(\phi: \Omega\to X\) such that \(L(\phi(\omega))\in N(\omega,\phi(\omega))\) for almost all \(\omega\in\Omega\). The random degree has the usual properties of a degree such as homotopy invariance, excision and the important existence property. The existence property states that if the random degree is nonzero for almost all \(\omega\in\Omega\), then there exists a solution of the above inclusion. Closely related to degree theory is the theory of fixed points which is examined next. The author investigates the existence of fixed points for multivalued mappings acting between a topological space which has a special convexity structure. This structure, called \(H\)-convexity, is analogous to the notion of convexity in vector spaces but can be defined on topological spaces without a linear structure, such as a torus or a Möbius strip. He also establishes an analogue of the Tychonov fixed point theorem in this setting. A coincidence point theorem is proved and application to mathematical economics is also discussed.

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