Total generalization of the cycloid
In this generalization of the cycloid, two ellipses take part: a ``base ellipse \(E\) (major or focal radius \(A\), minor radius \(B=A \cdot\sin \varepsilon)\) that rolls (without slipping) over a sinusoidal wave \(S\) (amplitude \(A\cdot \cos \varepsilon\), length \(2\pi B)\), and the ``orbital ellipse \(e\). The path of one of the foci, say \(F\), of the ellipse \(E\) is a straight line \(L\) (note: in the special case \(\varepsilon =\pi/2\), a circle \(E\) rolls over a straight line \(S\), its centre \(F\) describes a straight line \(L\), and the points together with \(E\) describe ordinary cycloids); each of the other points \((\neq F)\) rolling together with \(E\) over the sinusoidal wave \(S\) describes a ``cycloidal wave (generalized cycloid). Now the author chooses such a cycloidal wave as a fixed curve over which the orbital ellipse \(e\) rolls without slipping; then the path of one of the foci of \(e\) is a non-straight generalized cycloid, and the other points together with \(e\) (points of the moving plane) describe rolling curves which are the ``total generalization of the cycloid mentioned in the title of this paper. Parametric equations of these curves are derived, requiring (because of the rolling condition) the solving of an ordinary first-order differential equation.
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