Twisted Heilbronn virtual characters

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The main theorem in this paper is a generalisation of theorems due to Heilbronn, Stark, and Foote-Murty connected to the Artin and Dedekind conjectures concerning the holomorphy of Artin \(L\)-functions and their ratios. The main theorem is proved by introducing twisted Heilbronn virtual characters, and has various applications to the vanishing order of Artin \(L\)-functions in the critical strip.\N\NIf \(K/F\) is a finite Galois extension of number fields, \(\rho\) is an irreducible Artin representation of \(\mathrm{Gal}(K/F)\), and \(\alpha\) is an Artin representation of \(G_F=\mathrm{Gal}(\overline{F}/F)\), then, the main theorem concerns the Artin \(L\)-function \(L_F(s,\rho\otimes\alpha)\) associated with the tensor product representation \(\rho\otimes\alpha\) of \(\mathrm{Gal}(\overline{F}/F)\). More precisely, under an assumption on the restriction \(\alpha|G_K\) of \(\alpha\) to \(G_K=\mathrm{Gal}(\overline{K}/K)\), it is shown that:\N\begin{itemize}\N\item[1.] If \(s=s_0=1\) is not a zero of \(L_K(s,\alpha|G_K)\), then \(L_F(s,\rho\otimes\alpha)\) is holomorphic and non-zero at \(s=s_0\),\N\item[2.] If \(s=s_0=1\) is a simple zero zero of \(L_K(s,\alpha|G_K)\), then \(L_F(s,\rho\otimes\alpha)\) is holomorphic at \(s=s_0\) and the order of vanishing at \(s=s_0\) is at most \(1\),\N\item[3.] Both \(L_K(s,\alpha|G_K)L_F(s,\rho\otimes\alpha)\) and \(L_K(s,\alpha|G_K)L_F(s,\rho\otimes\alpha)^{-1}\) are holomorphic at \(s\neq1\).\N\end{itemize}











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