Twisted duality for embedded graphs
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Abstract: We consider two operations on an edge of an embedded graph (or equivalently a ribbon graph): giving a half-twist to the edge and taking the partial dual with respect to the edge. These two operations give rise to an action of S_3^{|E(G)|}, the ribbon group, on G. The action of the ribbon group on embedded graphs extends the concepts of duality, partial duality and Petrie duality. We show that this ribbon group action gives a complete characterization of duality in that if G is any cellularly embedded graph with medial graph G_m, then the orbit of G under the group action is precisely the set of all graphs with medial graphs isomorphic (as abstract graphs) to G_m. We provide characterizations of special sets of twisted duals, such as the partial duals, of embedded graphs in terms of medial graphs and we show how different kinds of graph isomorphism give rise to these various notions of duality. The ribbon group action then leads to a deeper understanding of the properties of, and relationships among, various graph polynomials via the generalized transition polynomial which interacts naturally with the ribbon group action.
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Cited in
(37)- Hopf algebras and Tutte polynomials
- Partial duality for ribbon graphs. I: distributions
- A 2-isomorphism theorem for delta-matroids
- Partial duality for ribbon graphs. II: Partial-twuality polynomials and monodromy computations
- On a conjecture of Gross, Mansour and Tucker
- Eulerian and bipartite binary delta-matroids
- Partial duality of hypermaps
- Checkerboard colourable twuals
- Parallel edges in ribbon graphs and interpolating behavior of partial-duality polynomials
- Characterization of regular checkerboard colourable twisted duals of ribbon graphs
- Matroids, delta-matroids and embedded graphs
- Twist polynomials of delta-matroids
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- A coarse Tutte polynomial for hypermaps
- Partial duality for ribbon graphs. III: A gray code algorithm for enumeration
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