Two-sided expansions of monoids

DOI10.1142/S0218196719500590MaRDI QIDQ5242803zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Publication date 7 November 2019

Published in International Journal of Algebra and Computation (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1805.05272

expansion inverse monoid partial action prefix expansion premorphism restriction monoid Szendrei expansion

Generators, relations, and presentations of groups (20F05) Free semigroups, generators and relations, word problems (20M05) General structure theory for semigroups (20M10) Inverse semigroups (20M18)

Abstract: We initiate the study of expansions of monoids in the class of two-sided restriction monoids and show that generalizations of the Birget-Rhodes prefix group expansion, despite the absence of involution, have rich structure close to that of respective relatively free inverse monoids. For a monoid

M

, we define

{m a t h c a l F R}_{R} (M)

to be the freest two-sided restriction monoid generated by a bijective copy,

M^{'}

, of the underlying set of

M

, such that the inclusion map

i o t a c o l o n M o {m a t h c a l F R}_{R} (M)

is determined by a set of relations,

R

, so that

i o t a

is a premorphism which is weaker than a homomorphism. Our main result states that

{m a t h c a l F R}_{R} (M)

can be constructed, by means of a partial action product construction, from

M

and the idempotent semilattice of

{m a t h c a l F I}_{R} (M)

, the free

M^{'}

-generated inverse monoid subject to relations

R

. In particular, the semilattice of projections of

{m a t h c a l F R}_{R} (M)

is isomorphic to the idempotent semilattice of

{m a t h c a l F I}_{R} (M)

. The result by Fountain, Gomes and Gould on the structure of the free two-sided restriction monoid is recovered as a special case of our result. We show that important properties of

{m a t h c a l F R}_{R} (M)

are well agreed with suitable properties of

M

, such as being cancellative or embeddable into a group. We observe that if

M

is an inverse monoid, then

{m a t h c a l F I}_{s} (M)

, the free inverse monoid with respect to strong premorphisms, is isomorphic to the Lawson-Margolis-Steinberg generalized prefix expansion

M^{p r}

. This gives a presentation of

M^{p r}

and leads to a model for

{m a t h c a l F R}_{s} (M)

in terms of the known model for

M^{p r}

.

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