Two problems on independent sets in graphs

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Abstract: Let it(G) denote the number of independent sets of size t in a graph G. Levit and Mandrescu have conjectured that for all bipartite G the sequence (it(G))tgeq0 (the {em independent set sequence} of G) is unimodal. We provide evidence for this conjecture by showing that is true for almost all equibipartite graphs. Specifically, we consider the random equibipartite graph G(n,n,p), and show that for any fixed pin(0,1] its independent set sequence is almost surely unimodal, and moreover almost surely log-concave except perhaps for a vanishingly small initial segment of the sequence. We obtain similar results for p=ildeOmega(n1/2). We also consider the problem of estimating i(G)=sumtgeq0it(G) for G in various families. We give a sharp upper bound on the number of independent sets in an n-vertex graph with minimum degree delta, for all fixed delta and sufficiently large n. Specifically, we show that the maximum is achieved uniquely by Kdelta,ndelta, the complete bipartite graph with delta vertices in one partition class and ndelta in the other. We also present a weighted generalization: for all fixed x>0 and delta>0, as long as n=n(x,delta) is large enough, if G is a graph on n vertices with minimum degree delta then sumtgeq0it(G)xtleqsumtgeq0it(Kdelta,ndelta)xt with equality if and only if G=Kdelta,ndelta.









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