Two questions on polynomial decomposition

Abstract: Given a univariate polynomial f(x) over a ring R, we examine when we can write f(x) as g(h(x)) where g and h are polynomials of degree at least 2. We answer two questions of Gusic regarding when the existence of such g and h over an extension of R implies the existence of such g and h over R. We also pose two new questions along these lines.

Review text

Let \(R\) be a ring, \(f\in R[X], \deg(f)\geq 2.\) Then \(f\) is said to be decomposable over \(R\) if there exist non-linear polynomials \(h,g\in R[X],\) such that \(f(X)=g(h(X)).\) The paper contains two results about decomposable polynomials. The first one shows that if \(R\) is a domain of characteristic zero and \(S\) is the integral closure of \(R\), any monic polynomial with coefficients in \(R\) that is decomposable over \(S\) is decomposable also over \(R.\) As for the second result, let \(R\) be the ring of integers of a number field \(K\) and assume that \(R\) is not a UFD. Then there exists \(f\in R[X]\) that is decomposable over \(K\) but not over \(R.\) These results answer two questions of [\textit{I. Gusić}, Glas. Mat., III. Ser. 43, No. 1, 7--12 (2008; Zbl 1141.13300)].

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