Undecidability in diagonalizable algebras

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A \textit{diagonalizable algebra} \(\mathfrak D\) is a Boolean algebra \(\mathfrak A\) with an operator \(\square\) satisfying the identities: \(\square (\alpha\rightarrow\beta)\leq\square\alpha\rightarrow\square\beta\), \(\square\alpha\leq\square\square\alpha\), \(\square(\square\alpha\rightarrow\alpha)=\square\alpha\), and \(\square 1=1\) where 1 is the unit of \(\mathfrak A\). The reader should think of the \textit{Lindenbaum sentence algebra} \(\mathfrak A_T\) of a first order theory \(T\) where the operator \(\square_T\) takes a sentence \(\varphi\) to \(Pr_T(\lceil\varphi\rceil)\), assuming \(T\) has a provability predicate. The listed identities correspond to \textit{Löb's Derivability Conditions}. The author studies the first order theories Th\(\mathfrak D_T\) and gives two proofs of the undecidability of Th\(\mathfrak D_T\) for various \(T\)'s. First he proves that if \(T\) is \(\Sigma_1\)-sound then Th\(\mathfrak D_T\) is non-arithmetic. His second proof just yields undecidability, but it applies to a broader class of \(T\)'s and provides sharper upper bounds on undecidable quantifier alternations.



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