Universal scattering with general dispersion relations

MaRDI QIDQ6363110zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Yidan Wang, Michael J. Gullans, Xuesen Na, Seth Whitsitt, A. V. Gorshkov

Publication date 17 March 2021

Abstract: Many synthetic quantum systems allow particles to have dispersion relations that are neither linear nor quadratic functions. Here, we explore single-particle scattering in general spatial dimension $Dgeq1$ when the density of states diverges at a specific energy. To illustrate the underlying principles in an experimentally relevant setting, we focus on waveguide quantum electrodynamics (QED) problems (i.e. $D=1$) with dispersion relation $epsilon(k)=pm|d|k^m$, where $mgeq2$ is an integer. For a large class of these problems for any positive integer $m$, we rigorously prove that when there are no bright zero-energy eigenstates, the $S$-matrix evaluated at an energy $Eo0$ converges to a universal limit that is only dependent on $m$. We also give a generalization of a key index theorem in quantum scattering theory known as Levinson's theorem -- which relates the scattering phases to the number of bound states -- to waveguide QED scattering for these more general dispersion relations. We then extend these results to general integer dimensions $Dgeq1$, dispersion relations $$ for a $D$-dimensional momentum vector $$ with any real positive $a$, and separable potential scattering.

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