Variational elliptic problems at double resonance

MaRDI QIDQ1907731zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors José Valdo A. Gonçalves, João Carlos N. de Pádua, Paulo C. Carrião

Publication date 13 February 1996

Published in Differential and Integral Equations (Search for Journal in Brave)

Variational methods for second-order elliptic equations (35J20) Nonlinear boundary value problems for linear elliptic equations (35J65)

Review text

The problem of the existence of weak solutions \(u\in H^1_0(\Omega)\) for the system \[ - \Delta u= f(x, u)\quad\text{in} \quad \Omega,\quad u= 0\quad\text{on} \partial\Omega\tag{1} \] is studied under the following assumptions: \(|f(x, t)|\leq a|t|^\sigma+ b\), a.e. \(x\in \Omega\) for some \(\sigma\) and \(\lambda_\ell\leq L(x)\), \(K(x)\leq \lambda_{\ell+ 1}\) a.e. \(x\in \Omega\), where \(\lambda_\ell\) is the \(\ell\)th eigenvalue of \(-\Delta\) and \[ L(x)= \liminf_{|t|\to \infty} {2F(x, t)\over t^2},\quad K(x)= \limsup_{|t|\to \infty} {2F(x, t)\over t^2}, \] where \(F(x, t)= \int^t_0 f(x, \tau) d\tau\). Moreover, the function \(H(x, t)= 2F(x, t)- tf(x, t)\) is assumed to satisfy \[ H(x, t)\to - \infty\quad\text{a.e. } x\in \Omega\quad\text{as } |t|\to \infty,\quad H(x, t)\leq M(x)\quad\text{a.e. }x\in \Omega \] for some \(M\in L^1(\Omega)\). Then, under these assumptions and using a variational approach, it is shown that (1) has a weak solution if \(2F(x, t)\geq (\lambda_\ell- \varepsilon) t^2- A_\varepsilon(x)\), \(t\in \mathbb{R}\), a.e. \(x\in \Omega\), \(\varepsilon> 0\) and \(A_\varepsilon\in L^1\) and \(\sup_{v\in V} J(v)< \infty\), where \(J(u)= {1\over 2} \int_\Omega |\nabla u|^2- \int_\Omega F(x, u)\).

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