Wave scattering by time dependent perturbations.
The article surveys scattering phenomena with acoustic problems taken as prototypes: \[ \left( \partial_{t}^2 + L(x,t)\right) u(x,t) = 0 \quad (x,t)\in Q\subset \mathbb R^n\times \mathbb R \tag{1} \] with boundary conditions \(u(x,s)=f_{s}(x)\), \(\partial_{t}u(x,s)=g_{s}(x)\) and \(L(x,t)\) is a perturbation of the Laplacian \(\Delta\) on \(\mathbb R^n\). The survey aims to provide the flavour of scattering problems and does not give any proofs. After a comprehensive and motivating introduction the time independent (autonomous) problem is reviewed in a way to give the ideas for the treatment of the time dependent (nonautonomous) problem. Firstly, discussing the propagation aspects, the solution of the initial value problem (IVP) (1) is given using the spectral theorem. Secondly, after transforming the IVP to a first order differential system, the solution is obtained with the \(C_{0}\)-group constructed from the operator given by the differential system. The first order system is also the starting point to discuss the scattering aspects of the acoustic problem. The wave operators are introduced and a generalised eigenfunction expansion is presented. Eventually, the existence of distorted plane waves is established by means of the limiting absorption principle. Making the necessary modifications for the time dependent case, the construction and approximation of the propagator is discussed. A Volterra integral equation serves for the propagator as the starting point for the approximation. The zero and first order approximations are given as examples.
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