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Let \\( k := \\mathbb{F}_q( \\theta ) \\) be the rational function field over \\( \\mathbb{F}_q \\) with variable \\( \\theta \\). Let \\( k_\\infty \\) be the \\(\\infty\\)-adic completion of \\( k \\) (corresponding to the place \\( \\theta = \\infty \\)) and fix an algebraic closure \\( \\overline{k_\\infty} \\) of it.  Denote by \\( \\mathbb{E} \\) the subring of \\( \\overline{k_\\infty}[[t]] \\) consisting of those power series that have infinite radius of convergence and whose coefficients lie in a common finite extension of \\( k_\\infty \\). So for every \\( f \\in \\mathbb{E} \\) and for every \\( x \\in \\overline{k_\\infty} \\) the value \\( f(x) \\in \\overline{k_\\infty} \\) of \\(f\\) at \\( x \\) is well-defined.  The criterion of \\textit{G. W. Anderson}, \\textit{W. D. Brownawell} and \\textit{M. A. Papanikolas} [``Determination of the algebraic relations among special \\(\\Gamma\\)-values in positive characteristic'', Ann. Math. (2) 160, No. 1, 237--313 (2004; Zbl 1064.11055)] mentioned in the title is a theorem that gives conditions on \\( f_1, \\ldots, f_n \\in \\mathbb{E} \\) that guarantee that every linear relation among the \\( f_i(\\theta) \\in \\overline{k_\\infty}\\) comes from a linear relation among the functions \\( f_i \\).  We state the theorem here in a basis-free language. See the introduction of the present paper for a statement using matrices.  Consider the map  \\[  \\tau: \\mathbb{E} \\to \\mathbb{E} : \\sum_i a_i t^i \\mapsto \\sum_i a_i^q t^i.  \\]  It is a ring endomorphism of \\(\\mathbb{E}\\), and the ring of invariants is \\( \\mathbb{F}_q[t] \\). It restricts to an endomorphism \\( \\tau: \\overline{k}[t] \\to \\overline{k}[t] \\).  Let \\(M\\) be a free and finitely generated \\(\\overline{k}[t]\\)-module, and let  \\[  M' := M \\otimes_{\\overline{k}[t],\\tau} \\overline{k}[t]  \\]  be the pullback of M over \\( \\tau \\). We give \\( M' \\) the structure of a \\( \\overline{k}[t] \\)-module through the second factor in the tensor product. There is a canonical map  \\[  \\tau : M \\to M' : m \\mapsto m \\otimes 1,  \\]  which is \\(\\mathbb{F}_q[t]\\)-linear but not \\( \\overline{k}[t] \\)-linear.  Now let \\( \\sigma : M' \\to M \\) be a \\(\\overline{k}[t]\\)-linear map whose co-kernel is annihilated by some power of \\( t-\\theta \\in \\overline{k}[t] \\). (Depending on the definition used this essentially says that \\( (M, \\sigma) \\) is a \\(t\\)-motive, see [\\textit{Greg W. Anderson}, ``\\(t\\)-motives'', Duke Math. J. 53, 457--502 (1986; Zbl 0679.14001)])  Define \\( \\tilde{M} \\) as follows:  \\[  \\tilde{M} := M \\otimes_{\\overline{k}[t]} \\mathbb{E}.  \\]  Similarly one defines \\( \\tilde{M}' \\), \\( \\tau : \\tilde{M} \\to \\tilde{M}' \\) and the map \\( \\sigma \\) extends to a map \\( \\sigma : \\tilde{M}' \\to \\tilde{M} \\).  Denote by \\( \\tilde{M'}^{\\tau\\sigma}\\) the \\( \\mathbb{F}_q[t] \\)-module of invariants under \\( \\tau\\circ\\sigma \\).  Theorem. (``ABP criterion'') The ``evaluation at \\( t=\\theta \\)'' map  \\[  \\tilde{M'}^{\\tau\\sigma} \\to \\tilde{M}'/(t-\\theta)\\tilde{M}'  \\]  is injective.  This gives a criterion for linear independence between specializations of invariant functions in \\( \\tilde{M}' \\). But one can obtain algebraic independence results by applying the theorem not only to \\( M\\) but also to its tensor powers. See [\\textit{M. A. Papanikolas}, ``Tannakian duality for Anderson-Drinfeld motives and algebraic independence of Carlitz logarithms'', Invent. Math. 171, No. 1, 123--174 (2008; Zbl 1235.11074)] for the ultimate transcendence result based on this.  The present paper gives weaker conditions under which the above theorem, and its consequences regarding algebraic independence, remain valid. Namely: (1) specializations at an arbitrary non-constant \\( \\xi \\in \\overline{k} \\) are considered, (2) the condition that \\( \\mathrm{coker}(\\sigma) \\) is annihilated by some power of \\( t-\\theta \\) is replaced by the condition that for all \\( i \\) positive, \\( t-\\xi^{q^{-i}} \\) is invertible on \\( \\mathrm{coker}(\\sigma) \\).  This refined theorem is applied in a preprint of \\textit{M. A. Papanikolas}, \\textit{J. Yu} and the author of the present paper, see [``Frobenius difference equations and algebraic independence of zeta values in positive equal characteristic'', 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