Distribution formula for terminal singularities on the minimal resolution of a quasi-homogeneous simple \(K3\) singularity (Q1177413): Difference between revisions

Let \((X,x)\) be a normal, isolated 3-dimensional singularity. By Mori there exists a minimal resolution \(\sigma:Y\to X\) of \((X,x)\), that is, \(\sigma\) is a partial resolution, \(Y\) having only terminal singularities and the canonical divisor \(K_ Y\) being nef with respect to \(\sigma\). \((X,x)\) is called simple \(K3\) if it is quasi-Gorenstein and if the exceptional set of \(Y\) consists of a single normal \(K3\) surface \(D\). Let \(\{y_ i\}\) denote the set of (terminal) singularities of \(Y\) along \(D\) and \(r_ i\) the index of the terminal singularity \(y_ i\). Now assume that \((X,x)\) is a simple \(K3\) isolated hypersurface singularity defined by a weighted homogeneous polynomial \(f\) for positive weights \(p,q,r,s\) of the variables where \(\text{gcd}(p,q,r,s)=1\). Then the author proves the following formula describing the distribution of the terminal singularities on the minimal resolution of \((X,x)\): \[ 24-\Sigma(r_ i- 1/r_ i)=(p+q+r+s)(pq+qr+rs+sp)/pqrs. \] The proof goes by equating the (arithmetic) Poincaré series of the graded ring \(\mathbb{C}[x,y,z,u,v]/(f)\) of \((X,x)\), the grading being given by the weights, and the Poincaré series \(\sum_{m\geq 0}c_ m(X,x)t^ m\), where \(c_ m(X,x)=\dim_ \mathbb{C}\Gamma(Y,{\mathcal O})/\Gamma(Y,{\mathcal O}(-(m+1)D))\). The latter one can be computed by a Riemann-Roch type theorem for normal isolated singularities by the author and Kawamata-Viehweg vanishing.