Retractive nil-extensions of regular semigroups. I, II (Q1201494): Difference between revisions

An ideal extension \(S\) of a semigroup \(K\) is called (i) a nil-extension, (ii) a retractive extension of \(K\), if (i) \(S/K\) is a nil-semigroup, (ii) \(K\) is a retract of \(S\) (that is, there exists a homomorphism \(\varphi\) of \(S\) onto \(K\) such that \(a\varphi=a\) for \(a\in K)\), respectively. The purpose of the papers is to give some criteria for retractive nil- extensions of various important classes of semigroups. Firstly, it is shown in I that a semigroup \(S\) is a retractive nil-extension of a regular semigroup \(K\) if and only if \(S\) is a subdirect product of \(K\) and a nil-semigroup. Secondly, it is proved in II that the following three conditions on a semigroup \(S\) are equivalent: (i) \(S\) is a retractive nil-extension of a union of groups; (ii) \(S\) is \(\pi\)-regular (a semigroup \(S\) is called \(\pi\)-regular if for every \(a\in S\) there exists \(n\) such that \(a^ n\) is regular) and for any \(x,a,y\in S\) there exists \(n\) such that \(xa^ ny\in x^ 2Sy^ 2\); (iii) \(S\) is a subdirect product of a union of groups and a nil-semigroup. Finally, it is shown that a semigroup \(S\) is (i) a retractive nil-extension of a semilattice of left and right groups, (ii) a nil-extension of a semilattice of left groups, (iii) a retractive nil-extension of left groups, if and only if \(S\) is \(\pi\)-regular and for any \(x,a,y\in S\) there exists \(n\) such that (i) \(xa^ ny\in x^ 2Sy^ 2x\cup yx^ 2Sy^ 2\), (ii) \(xa^ ny\in xSx\), (iii) \(xa^ ny\in x^ 2Sx\), respectively.