Distribution of periodic points of polynomial diffeomorphisms of \(\mathbb{C}^ 2\) (Q1319219): Difference between revisions

Let \(f\) be a polynomial diffeomorphism of \(\mathbb{C}^ 2\), \(\text{Per}_ n\) is the set of points of period \(n\), \(\text{SPer}_ n\) is the set of saddle points of \(\text{Per}_ n\), and \(\text{Fix}_ n\) is the set of fixed points of \(f^ n\). The map \(f\) has a dynamical degree \(d\) which is assumed larger than 1. Let \(\mu\) be the equilibrium measure of the set of points with bounded orbits; \(\mu\) is also characterized dynamically as the unique measure of maximal entropy. The following theorem gives another dynamical interpretation of \(\mu\). Theorem 1. If \(P_ n\) is one of the sets \(\text{SPer}_ n\), \(\text{Per}_ n\), \(\text{Fix}_ n\), then \[ \lim_{n\to \infty}{1\over d^ n} \sum_{a\in P_ n}\delta_ a = \mu. \] Corollary 1. Most periodic points are saddle points in the sense that \[ \lim_{n \to \infty} {1\over d^ n}\sharp \text{SPer}_ n = 1. \] Corollary 2. \(f\) has points of all but finitely many periods. Theorem 2. Let \(\Lambda\) be the Lyapunov exponent of \(f\) with respect to (ergodic) \(\mu\), \(\chi(x)\) -- the Lyapunov exponent at \(x\). Then \[ \Lambda = \lim_{n \to \infty}{1\over d^ n} \sum_{p \in \text{SPer}_ n}\chi(p). \] Theorem 3. Consider a family of \(f_ c\) depending holomorphically on a parameter \(c\) in the disk. Assume that \(c \to \Lambda(f_ c)\) is not harmonic at \(c = c_ 0\). If the maps \(f_ c\) are dissipative, then there is a sequence \(c_ i \to c_ 0\) defined for \(i \geq N\) so that \(f_{c_ i}\) has a sink of period \(i\). If the maps \(f_ c\) are volume preserving, then there is a sequence \(c_ i\) defined for \(i \geq N\) so that \(f_{c_ i}\) has a Sigel ball of period i. Theorem 4. If the maps \(f_ c\) are topologically conjugate to one another in a neighborhood of \(c = c_ 0\), then the function \(c \to \Lambda(f_ c)\) is harmonic at \(c_ 0\).