Intersection theory over quantum ruled surfaces (Q2371810): Difference between revisions

The article under review generalizes some well-known results in birational geometry of ruled surfaces to the setting of noncommutative algebraic geometry, which was started by M. Artin and his collaborators [see, e.g., \textit{M. Artin}, \textit{J. Tate} and \textit{M. van den Bergh}, in: The Grothendieck Festschrift, Vol. 1, Prog. Math. 86, 33--85 (1990; Zbl 0744.14024); \textit{M. Artin} and \textit{J. J. Zhang}, Adv. Math., 109, No. 2, 228--287 (1994; Zbl 0833.14002)]. The language has, however, evolved over the years and this article is written in conformity with the framework developed by \textit{M. van den Bergh} [Blowing up of non-commutative smooth surfaces, Mem. Am. Math. Soc. 154, 734 (2001; Zbl 0998.14002)]. In this setting a prototypical noncommutative space over a field \(k\) (called a quasi-scheme) is a pair \(X = (\text{Mod}\, X,\mathcal O_X)\), where \(\text{Mod}\, X\) is a \(k\)-linear Grothendieck category and \(\mathcal O_X\in \text{Obj}(\text{Mod}\, X)\). Given an honest smooth projective scheme \(X\) of finite type over a field \(k\) and a locally free \(\mathcal O_X\)-module \(\mathcal{E}\) of rank \(2\) (viewed as an \(\mathcal O_X\)-bimodule), a quantum \(\mathbb{P}^1\)-bundle over \(X\) was defined in \textit{M. van den Bergh} [Non-commutative \(\mathbb{P}^1\)-bundles over commutative schemes, preprint, \url{arXiv:math/0102005}] as a pair \((\text{Mod}\,\mathbb{P}(\mathcal{E}),\mathcal O_{\mathbb{P}(\mathcal{E})})\), where \(\text{Mod}\,\mathbb{P}^1(\mathcal{E})\) is the Grothendieck category \(\text{GrMod}\,\mathcal{A}/\text{Tors}\, \mathcal{A}\). Here \(\mathcal{A}\) is a \(\mathbb Z\)-algebra (it is not just a \(\mathbb Z\)-graded algebra), viz., the noncommutative symmetric algebra over \(X\) generated by \(\mathcal{E}\) and \(\mathcal O_{\mathbb{P}(\mathcal{E})}\) is a suitably defined object of \(\text{Mod}\, \mathbb{P}(\mathcal{E})\) [see loc. cit.]. The author defines a quasi-canonical sheaf \(\omega_{\mathbb{P}(\mathcal{E})}\) and shows that it satisfies the right dualizing property in a derived setting. The intersection theory of divisors is studied via an integer valued Euler pairing defined on \(K_0(\mathbb{P}(\mathcal{E}))\), which is some subgroup of the Grothendieck group of \(\text{Mod}\, \mathbb{P}(\mathcal{E})\). Specializing to the case of a quantum \(\mathbb{P}^1\)-bundle (or a quantum ruled surface) over a smooth projective curve \(X\), the author defines the fibre over a point, the quasi-section and the quasi-canonical divisor as certain elements of \(K_0(\mathbb{P}(\mathcal{E}))\) and calls them embedded ``curves'' in \(\mathbb{P}(\mathcal{E})\). The intersection multiplicity of two such curves is defined to be the negative of the value of their Euler pairing. The author defines several other notions generalizing the classical ones, e.g., the Picard group, the genus and the numerical equivalence of divisors and proves certain results, which corroborate with the known results in classical birational geometry. Most of the proofs use neat homological algebraic computations of sheaves. The reviewer would like to draw the attention of the readers to \textit{P. Jørgensen} [Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 352, No. 12, 5817--5854 (2000; Zbl 0965.14003)] (cited in the article under review as well), where something similar was treated.