Hyperbolic \((1,2)\)-knots in \(S^3\) with crosscap number two and tunnel number one (Q1014523): Difference between revisions

A Seifert Klein bottle for a knot \(K\) in the 3-sphere is a once-punctured Klein bottle \(P\) properly embedded in the exterior \(X_K\) of \(K\), which has integral boundary slope. \(K\) has crosscap number two if \(K\) has a Seifert Klein bottle and its exterior contains no properly embedded Möbius band. The knot \(K\) has tunnel number one if there is a properly embedded arc \(\tau \) in \(X_K\) such that \(\text{cl} (X_K - N(\tau ))\) is a handlebody. It is said that \(K\) admits a \((g,n)\) decomposition if there is a Heegaard splitting surface \(S\) in \(S^3\) of genus \(g\) which intersects \(K\) transversely and bounds handlebodies \(H,H'\), such that both \(K\cap H\subset H\) and \(K\cap H'\subset H'\) are trivial \(n\)-string arc systems. In the paper under review, the authors construct explicit examples of crosscap number two hyperbolic knots that have tunnel number one but do not admit \((1,1)\) decompositions, and prove that all such knots admit a \((1,2)\) decomposition. The construction of such examples is based on the classification of the nontrivial crosscap number two \((1,1)\)-knots in \(S^3\) given by \textit{E. Ramírez-Losada} and \textit{L. G. Valdez-Sánchez} [Bol. Soc. Mat. Mex., III. Ser. 10, Spec. Iss., 451--465 (2004; Zbl 1099.57010)].