The numbers of periodic orbits hidden at fixed points of 2-dimensional holomorphic mappings (Q973736): Difference between revisions

Let \(f\) be a germ of holomorphic mappings in \((\mathbb C^n,0)\). Assume that the origin is an isolated fixed point for \(f\) and the \(M\)-th interaction \(f^M\) of \(f\) (\(M\) a positive integer). Let \(P_M\) be the Dold index: this is given by a Möbius inversion formula concerning the Lefschetz index of \(f^q\) at the origin, where \(q\) divides \(M\). Then \(O_M :=P_M/M\) can be seen as the number of virtual periodic orbits of period \(M\) hidden at the origin. By the works of \textit{M. Shub} and \textit{D. Sullivan} [Topology 13, 189--191 (1974; Zbl 0291.58014)], \textit{S.-N. Chow, J. Mallet-Paret} and \textit{J. A. Yorke} [Lect. Notes Math. 1007, 109--131 (1983; Zbl 0549.34045)] and \textit{G. Y. Zhang} [Math. Ann. 337, No.~2, 401--433 (2007; Zbl 1110.32007)] it follows that \(O_M(f) \geq 1\) if and only if the tangent map of \(f\) at the origin has a periodic point of period \(M\). In the present paper, the author characterizes the case \(O_M(f)\geq 2\) when \(n=2\). Namely, he proves a necessary and sufficient condition in terms of algebraic relations on the eigenvalues of the tangent map. The arguments rely on Cronin's theorem and normal forms for holomorphic mappings.