Positive periodic solutions of functional differential equations with impulse on time scales (Q711539): Difference between revisions

The authors study the existence of positive periodic solutions to the first order impulsive functional differential equation on time scales \[ x^{\Delta}(t)=A(t)x(t)+\lambda f(t, x_t),\quad t\neq \tau_k,\;t\in J_{{\mathbb T}}, \] \[ x(\tau_{k}^{+})-x(\tau_k^{-})=B_kx(\tau_k^{-}),\quad k=1, 2, \dots, l, \] where \(B_k=\text{diag}(b_k^1, b_k^2,\dots,b_k^n)\), \(\lambda>0\) is a parameter, \({\mathbb T}\) is a time scale which has the topology inherited from the standard topology on \({\mathbb R}\). For each interval \(J\) of \({\mathbb R}\), \(J_{\mathbb T} @>{\Delta}>> J\cap {\mathbb T}\). \(x(\tau_k^{+})\) and \(x(\tau_k^{-})\) stand for right and left limits of \(x(t)\) at \(t=\tau_k\) \((k=1, 2,\dots, l)\), respectively, in the sense of time scales. \(A(t)=\text{diag}(a_1(t), a_2(t), \dots, a_n(t))\), \(a_j\in C({\mathbb T}, [0, +\infty))\) is \(\omega\)-periodic, \(j=1, 2, \dots,n\). \(f(t, x_t)\) is a function defined on \({\mathbb T}\times BC_{\mathbb T}\), and \(f(t, x_t)\) is \(\omega\)-periodic, where \(BC_{\mathbb T}=\{\phi: {\mathbb T}\to {\mathbb R}^{n}\mid \phi\) is bounded and continuous\} with the norm \(\|\phi\|=\sum_{j=1}^{n}\sup_{\theta\in {\mathbb R}}|\phi^{j}(\theta)|\), \(\phi=(\phi^1, \phi^2,\dots, \phi^n)\). Under some appropriate assumptions, the authors prove that there exists \(\lambda^{*}>0\) such that the system above has at least one positive \(\omega\)-periodic solution for \(\lambda\in (0, \lambda^{*}]\) and does not have any \(\omega\)-periodic solution for \(\lambda>\lambda^{*}\).