Mild pro-2-groups and 2-extensions of \(\mathbb Q\) with restricted ramification (Q645246): Difference between revisions

In this article the theory of mild pro-\(p\)-groups developed in [\textit{J. Labute}, J. Reine Angew. Math. 596, 155--182 (2006; Zbl 1122.11076)] is extended. To achieve this the authors develop further the theory of mixed Lie algebras of \textit{M. Lazard} [Publ. Math., Inst. Hautes Étud. Sci. 26, 389--603 (1965; Zbl 0139.02302)]. If \(S\) is a finite set of odd rational primes denote by \(G_S(p)\) the Galois group of the maximal \(p\)-extension of \(\mathbb Q\) unramified outside \(S\). When \(p\) is in \(S\), I. R. Shafarevich and E. S. Golod obtained some information about the cohomological dimension of \(G_S(p)\). When \(p\) was not in \(S\), nothing was known about \(G_S(p)\), until a recent work of the first author [loc. cit.], where it was shown that the cohomological dimension of \(G_S(p)\) is \(2\) for certain \(S\). The article under review finally extends these results to the case \(p=2\). The authors show that for any finite set \(S_0\) of odd rational primes we can find a finite set \(S\) of odd rational primes containing \(S_0\) such that \(G_S(2)\) is mild. The authors also extend results of \textit{A. Schmidt} [J. Reine Angew. Math. 640, 203--235 (2010; Zbl 1193.14041)] to the case \(p=2\) over a global field which is either a function field of characteristic \(\neq 2\) or a totally imaginary number field.