On the weak Lefschetz property for artinian Gorenstein algebras of codimension three (Q2253004): Difference between revisions

Let \(A\) be an Artinian graded algebra over a field \(k\). Then \(A\) has the Weak Lefschetz Property (WLP) if there exists a linear form \(L\) such that, for all \(i\), the vector space homomorphism \(\times L:[A]_i \to [A]_{i+1}\) has maximal rank. If \((1,h_1,\ldots,h_e)\) is the \(h\)-vector of an Artinian graded Gorenstein \(k\)-algebra \(A\), then \(h_1\) is called the codimension of \(A\); in addition, we have that \(h_e=1\), and \(e\) is called the socle degree of \(A\). Furthermore, if we write \(A=S/I\) for some polynomial ring \(S\), then \(A\) is called compressed if \(h_i=\min\{\dim_k S_i,\dim_k S_{e-i}\}\) for all \(i\). In this article, the authors focus on the problem of determining whether all codimension three Artinian graded Gorenstein algebras have the WLP in characteristic zero. This is known to be true if \(A\) is a complete intersection of codimension three by \textit{T. Harima} et al. [J. Algebra 262, No. 1, 99--126 (2003; Zbl 1018.13001)]. However, this fails for codimension four and higher. The authors first make an important reduction step: they prove that, in order to show that every Artinian graded Gorenstein algebra of codimension \(3\) has the WLP, one can restrict to the subclass of algebras of odd socle degree that are compressed. Since the case when \(A\) has \(h\)-vector \((1,3,3,1)\) follows from [\textit{J. Migliore} and \textit{F. Zanello}, Ill. J. Math. 52, No. 4, 1417--1433 (2008; Zbl 1178.13011)], the authors focus on the next relevant case, that is, \((1,3,6,6,3,1)\). In their second main result, they show that any \(A\) with this \(h\)-vector has the WLP regardless of the characteristic of \(k\), with only one exception in characteristic three.