Co-Moufang deformations of the universal enveloping algebra of the algebra of traceless octonions (Q895855): Difference between revisions

In the same way that Lie algebras appear as ``tangent algebras'' of Lie groups, Malcev algebras constitue a generalization of Lie algebras that first appeared as ``tangent algebras'' of analytical Moufang loops. The seven dimensional sphere \(S^7\) is the main example of such a loop, which is not a Lie group. In [J. Algebra 272, No. 1, 379--393 (2004; Zbl 1077.17027)], the authors onstructed a universal envelope for any Malcev algebra. This is a nonassociative, but cocommutative and coassociative bialgebra. The associativity of the multiplication is replaced by a Hopf version of the Moufang identities. \textit{S. Madariaga} and \textit{J. M. Pérez-Izquierdo} [Commun. Algebra 40, No. 3, 1009--1018 (2012; Zbl 1295.17024)] proved that the universal envelope of a central simple non-Lie Malcev algebra over a field of characteristic zero is very rigid, in the sense that any coassociative, but possibly non-cocommutative, bialgebra deformation of this envelope is trivial. In the paper under review, the authors go further and prove that any bialgebra deformation where only the dual of the left and right Moufang identities is assumed (this is a weaker form of coassociativity) is trivial. They also show that the bialgebra deformations with the same conditions of the universal envelopes of finite-dimensional central simple Lie algebras are both associative and coassociative. Sweedler's notation becomes cumbersome in this nonassociative setting, so the authors rely on a graphical calculus to deal with product-coproduct identities. Thus, most of the proofs consist of a nice sequence of quite meaningful diagrams.