Almost automorphy and Veech's relations of dynamics on compact \(T_2\)-spaces (Q2180558): Difference between revisions

The paper is devoted to almost automorphic dynamics, Veech's relations and some other related topics such as local almost periodicity and \(\Delta^*\)-recurrence. We describe here two main results of the paper. Let \((X,T)\) be a dynamical system on a compact \(T_2\)-space \(X\). The first result is Veech's structure theorem for almost automorphic (a.a. in short) flows: Theorem. If \((X,T)\) is an a.a. flow, then it is an almost 1-1 \(\pi\)-extension of an almost periodic flow \((Y,T)\) such that \(P_{aa}(X,T)=\{x\in X: \pi^{-1}(\pi(x))=\{x\}\}\), where \(\pi: (X,T)\to(Y,T)\) is a homomorphism and \(P_{aa}(X,T)\) is the set of a.a. points. This structure theorem was proved by \textit{W. A. Veech} [Am. J. Math. 87, 719--751 (1965; Zbl 0137.05803); Bull. Am. Math. Soc. 83, 775--830 (1977; Zbl 0384.28018)] for a.a. functions on a group, while the present paper deals with a.a. flows on a compact \(T_2\)-space which is essentially different from the former. The second main result is on Veech's relations \(V\) and \(D\) for \(x\in X\): \begin{align*} V[x]:=&\{y: \exists y_n\to y,t_n\in T, z\in X \text{ s.t. } t_ny_n=z, t_nx\to z \},\\ D[x]:=&\{y: \exists (t_n,s_n)\in T\times T, y_n\in X \text{ s.t. } t_n x\to x, s_n x\to x, y_n\to y, t_ny_n=s_nx\}. \end{align*} If \((X,T)\) is minimal and \(T\) is an abelian group, Veech proved that: Theorem. \(\overline{V[x]} = D[x]\), and \(V[x] = D[x]\) if \(X\) is metrizable. The present author obtains the same result without any restriction on \(T\); furthermore, he shows that \(V[x] = D[x]\) also holds when \(T\) is separable, which partially answers an open problem of Veech. Further, the author constructs a minimal invertible semiflow \((X,T)\) such that \(V(x)\) is not dense in \(Q(x)\) for some point \(x\), where \(Q[x]:= \{y: \exists (x_n,y_n)\to (x,y), t_n\in T, \text{ s.t. } \lim t_n x_n=\lim t_n y_n \}\). This answers to an open question by Veech.