Examples around the strong Viterbo conjecture (Q2139556): Difference between revisions

Symplectomorphism is a diffeomorphism between two symplectic manifolds preserving symplectic forms. Therefore, a symplectomorphism preserves the volumes. However, volume-preserving diffeomorphism may not be a symplectomorphism. One of examples is Gromov's non-squeezing theorem, which says that there is no symplectic embedding from the ball of radius \(r\) to the infinite cylinder of radius \(R\) if \(r> R\), while there is a volume-preserving embedding by squeezing. Symplectic capacity is a function assigning to each domain \(X\) in \(\mathbb{R}^{2n}\) a number \(c(X)\in [0,\infty]\) which is monotone with respect to symplectic embeddings and is conformal. Various symplectic capacities are defined as obstructions to have symplectic embeddings. Any normalized symplectic capacity are bounded below by the Gromov width \(c_{Gr}\) and bounded above by the cylindrical capacity \(c_{Z}\) and they are conjectured to be equal for convex domains in \(\mathbb{R}^{2n}\), the strong Viterbo conjecture. In the paper under review, the authors introduce a new class of symplectic manifolds called `monotone toric domains' and for monotone toric domains in arbitrary dimension, the authors prove that the Gromov width agrees with the first equivariant capacity. For a monotone toric domain with the moment polytope \(\Delta\), there is a point on the positive-boundary of \(\Delta\) from which we can find the moment polytope \(\Delta_{B_{a}}\) of the ball \(B_{a}\) of radius \(a\) with a symplectic embedding \(\Delta_{B_{a}}\subset \Delta\). There is also an L-shaped domain \(L\) whose moment polytope \(\Delta_{L}\) contains \(\Delta\) satisfying that their boundaries are intersecting exactly at \(a\). From the construction, we have the Gromov width \(a=c_{Gr}(X_{\Delta_{B_{a}}})\leq c_{Gr}(X_{\Delta})\), and the first equivariant capacity \(c_{1}^{CH}(X_{\Delta})\leq c_{1}^{CH}(X_{L})=a\). Therefore, \(c_{Gr}(X_{\Delta})=c_{1}^{CH}(X_{\Delta})\). Moreover, the authors proved that for monotone toric domains in dimension 4, all the normalized symplectic capacities agree. The idea of proof is following. First, they find the special point on the positive boundary of the moment polytope \(\Delta\) of a monotone toric domain \(X_{\Delta}\). Using the point, we can find a ball \(B\) of radius \(r\) contained in \(X_{\Delta}\) and can approximate the moment polytope \(\Delta\) by a quadrilateral \(Q\). Using a version of symplectic folding construction, they construct a symplectic embedding of the quadrilateral into a polydisk \(P\) whose cylindrical width \(c_{z}(P)\) is \(r\). By the monotonicity of symplectic capacities and by \(c_{Gr}<c<c_{Z}\), \[r=c_{Gr}(B)\leq c_{Gr}(X_{\Delta})\leq c_{Z}(X_{\Delta})\leq c_{Z}(Q)\leq c_{Z}(P)=r.\] They also computed the Gromov width and the cylindrical width for a certain family of non-monotone toric domains defined by the moment polytope with corners \((0,0), (1-2a,0),(1-a,a),(a,1-a),(0,1-2a)\) and check the condition for the strong Viterbo conjecture to be hold in the cases.