On incidence between strata of the Hilbert scheme of points on \(\mathbb{P}^{2}\) (Q996027): Difference between revisions

The Hilbert scheme of \(n\) points in \({\mathbb P}^2\) has a natural stratification by strata \(H(\phi)\) obtained from its Hilbert functions (or series) \(\phi\). The precise inclusion between the closures of the strata is in general unknown. The present paper gives necessary and sufficient conditions for the inclusion of \(H(\phi)\) in \(\overline {H(\psi)}\) where the Hilbert functions \(\phi\) and \( \psi\) are as close as possible and \(\phi \leq \psi\). This generalizes a result of \textit{F. Guerimand} [Thesis, University of Nice (2002)] which has the same result under an extra condition. In the case \(\phi\) is generic in some Brill-Noether locus, one may get the inclusion by using results of e.g. \textit{J. Brun} and \textit{A. Hirschowitz} [Ann. Sci. Éc. Norm. Supér. (4) 20, No. 2, 171--200 (1987; Zbl 0637.14002)]. Parts of the paper are a little technical, but the main ideas of the authors are clear and nice. They show that the necessary and sufficient conditions above are equivalent to a strict inequality of the dimension of certain \(\text{Ext}^1\)-groups where the smallest one is the dimension of the tangent space of deformations at some ideal of a non-commutative algebra. It turns, however, out that one may avoid ``non-commutative deformations'' and instead look to the Hilbert-flag scheme (of ``commutative'' deformations), or the incidence correspondence, of pairs of graded quotients of a polynomial ring and one of its projections. In the present case one needs to handle quotients for which the depth is zero, thus treat a slightly more general case than considered in several papers the reviewer [e.g., J. Algebra 311, No. 2, 665--701 (2007; Zbl 1129.14009)].