Homogeneity degree of fans (Q2411477): Difference between revisions

A continuum is a nonempty compact connected metric space. A dendroid is an arcwise connected continuum \(X\) such that the intersection of every pair of its subcontinua is connected. A dendrite is a locally connected dendroid and a fan is a dendroid with exactly one ramification point. For a topological space \(X\), the degree of homogeneity of \(X\), denoted by \(hd(X)\), is the cardinality of the set of orbits for the action of the group of homeomorphisms of \(X\) onto itself. So homogeneous spaces are those spaces \(X\) for which \(hd(X)=1\). An interesting, and usually difficult, problem about homogeneity degree is the following: Given a class of continua \(C\) and a positive integer \(n\), characterize all the elements in \(C\) having \(n\) as its homogeneity degree. Among continua, dendrites, fans and dendroids are some of the simplest ones. So it is possible to give some particular solutions to this problem for these classes. In this direction, \textit{G. Acosta} and \textit{Y. Pacheco-Juárez} [Topology Appl. 219, 55--77 (2017; Zbl 1367.54016)] characterized all dendrites having \(3\) as their homogeneity degree. In the paper under review, the authors classify all smooth fans of homogeneity degree 3, they also discuss non-smooth fans and prove some results on degree 4. They finish the paper by posing the following two problems: Problem 1. Does there exist a non-smooth fan of homogeneity degree 3? A non-smooth fan of homogeneity degree 4? Problem 2. What are all the (smooth) dendroids of homogeneity degree 3?