Type II matrices and their Bose-Mesner algebras (Q1868380): Difference between revisions

Let \(X\) be a finite nonempty set of size \(n\), \(W\) be a matrix of \(M_{\mathbb C}(X)\) with non-zero entries. For each pair \((a,b)\in X\times X\), we define a vector \(Y_{a,b}^W\) by \[ Y_{a,b}^W(x)=\frac {W(x,a)}{W(x,b)}. \] \(W\) is said to be a type II matrix, if \(\sum _{x\in X} Y_{a,b}^W(x)=n\delta_{a,b}\) holds for any \(a\) and \(b\) in \(X\). Let \(W\in M_{\mathbb C}(X)\) be a type II matrix. A set \(N(W)=\{M\in M_{\mathbb C}(X) \;|\;Y_{a,b}^W\) is an eigenvector of \(M\) for any \(a,b\in X\}\) is called a Nomura algebra of \(W\). Further \(N'(W)=N(^tW)\). Theorem 1.1. Let \(W\) be a type II matrix of size \(mn\) \((m,n\geq 2)\). Then the following are equivalent. (i) There exists a permutation matrix \(S\) such that \(J_n\otimes I_m \in N(SW)\). (ii) \(N(W)\) is an imprimitive Bose-Mesner algebra with a system of imprimitivity having blocks of size \(n\). (iii) \(W\) is type II equivalent to a generalized tensor product \((U_1,\dots ,U_m)\otimes (V_1,\dots ,V_n)\), where \(U_1,\dots ,U_m\) and \(V_1,\dots ,V_n\) are type II matrices of sizes \(n\) and \(m\) respectively. Theorem 1.2. Let \(W\) be a type II matrix of size at most 8 or size 10. Then one of the following holds. (i) \(N(W)=\text{Span}(I,J)\). (ii) \(W\) is type II equivalent to a cyclic type II matrix. (iii) \(W\) is type II equivalent to a generalized tensor product of type II matrices of smaller sizes.