Topological properties of ordinary nematics in 3-space (Q1107172): Difference between revisions
From MaRDI portal
Removed claim: reviewed by (P1447): Item:Q1066828 |
ReferenceBot (talk | contribs) Changed an Item |
||
(2 intermediate revisions by 2 users not shown) | |||
Property / reviewed by | |||
Property / reviewed by: Yoshihiro Shikata / rank | |||
Normal rank | |||
Property / MaRDI profile type | |||
Property / MaRDI profile type: MaRDI publication profile / rank | |||
Normal rank | |||
Property / cites work | |||
Property / cites work: Mappings of manifolds and the notion of degree / rank | |||
Normal rank | |||
Property / cites work | |||
Property / cites work: Obstructions to extensions and homotopies / rank | |||
Normal rank | |||
Property / cites work | |||
Property / cites work: On mappings into spaces in which certain homotopy groups vanish / rank | |||
Normal rank |
Latest revision as of 17:32, 18 June 2024
scientific article
Language | Label | Description | Also known as |
---|---|---|---|
English | Topological properties of ordinary nematics in 3-space |
scientific article |
Statements
Topological properties of ordinary nematics in 3-space (English)
0 references
1987
0 references
This paper consists of two parts. The first part, which is concerned with the nematic liquid crystal, is without details and consists of a description of the defect set \(\Delta\) of the nematic liquid crystal as the disjoint union of r knots \(\Delta_ i\) and s points \(P_ j\) in \(R^ 3\), followed by the definition of regular behaviour of the nematic liquid crystal outside of the defect set \(\Delta\) so as to make it correspondent to the homotopy class of a mapping from the complement in \(R^ 3\) of a tubular neighbourhood of \(\Delta\) into the projective space \(P^ 2\) extending the given mapping on the boundary of the tubular neighbourhood describing the behaviour around the defect, which splits into mappings \(v_ i\) of r tori and \(u_ j\) of s spheres into \(P^ 2\) satisfying a non triviality condition, as \(\Delta\) is a disjoint union of \(\Delta_ i\) and \(P_ j\). Then the author formulates the problem as follows: given a defect \(\Delta\), investigate the condition for the mappings \(v_ i\) and \(u_ j\) to be extendable to a mapping of the complement of the defect into \(P^ 2\), that is, by the regular nematic crystal. The second part of the paper consists therefore of the classification of the mappings \(v_ i\) and \(u_ j\) by some invariants \(v_ i\) in \(Z_ 4\) and \(u_ j\) in the natural numbers \({\mathbb{N}}\) to deduce the main theorem: The mapping of the boundary of the tubular neighbourhood of \(\Delta\) into \(P^ 2\) is extendable to a mapping of the complement of \(\Delta\) if and only if the invariants \((v_ 1,\cdot \cdot \cdot,v_ r,\cdot \cdot \cdot,u_ s)\) satisfy (1) \(v_ i\equiv \sum_{j\neq i}\Delta_ i\cdot \Delta_ j\) mod 2 for the linking number \(\Delta_ i\cdot \Delta_ j\) of the knots \(\Delta_ i\) and \(\Delta_ j\), (2) \(q_ 1+...+q_ r\equiv u_ 1+...+u_ s \bmod 2\) for the \(q_ i\) defined by \(q_ i=1/2(v_ i-\sum_{j\neq i}\Delta_ i\cdot \Delta_ j) \bmod 2\)
0 references
homotopy class of a mapping into projective space
0 references
mappings of tori into \(P^ 2\)
0 references
mappings of 2-spheres into \(P^ 2\)
0 references
nematic liquid crystal
0 references
defect set
0 references
knots
0 references
linking number
0 references