Uniform estimates in the Poincaré-Aronszajn theorem on the separation of singularities of analytic functions (Q2474566): Difference between revisions

Let \(O\subset\mathbb C\) be an open set and \(S_1\), \(S_2\) two relatively closed subsets in \(O\), \(S=S_1\cup S_2\). Say \((S_1,S_2)\) is a bounded separation pair (bs-pair) in \(O\) if any \(f\in H^{\infty}(O\setminus S)\) is representable by \(f=f_1+f_2\) in \(O\setminus S\), where \(f_j\in H^{\infty}(O\setminus S_j)\), \(j=1,2\). The authors show that, under some geometric restrictions on \(S_1\), \(S_2\), \((S_1,S_2)\) is a bs-pair. The sharpness of the positive results is illustrated by examples. Theorem 4 gives sufficient conditions for a pair \((S_1,S_2)\) to be bs in the upper half-plane \(\mathbb C^+\): Suppose \(S_1\), \(S_2\) are relatively closed in \(\mathbb C^+\) and bounded. If \(S_1\subset U_1=\{\xi+i\eta\in\mathbb C^+: \eta<g(\xi)\}\), \(S_2\subset U_2=\{\xi+i\eta\in\mathbb C^+: \eta>(1+\mu)g(\xi)\}\), \(\mu>0\), \(g\geq0\) is a Lipschitz function on \(\mathbb R\), then \((S_1,S_2)\) is a bs-pair in any \(O\subset\mathbb C^+\) containing \(S\). Thus Theorem 4 treats transversal and tangent pairs \(S_1,S_2\subset\mathbb C^+\) with \(\text{Clos} S_1\cap\text{Clos} S_2=k=\{0\}\) where \(\text{Clos} E\) is the closure of \(E\). The authors briefly describe explicit bounded splittings \(f\to(f_1,f_2)\) applicable to a class of pairs \((S_1,S_2)\). The objects of section 2 are pairs \((S_1,S_2)\) of smooth arcs in a sector \(A\) meeting tangentially at its vertex, which are not bs in \(A\) (nor in any domain \(O\supset A\)). The results are different depending on whether the common tangent of \(S_1\) and \(S_2\) at the vertex is a side of \(A\) or is strictly inside \(A\). Theorem 7 combines the results of sections 1-2 and includes the tangential case when \(S_j\) is the graph of a real \(C^{1+\epsilon}\)-function \(\phi_j\) on \([0,b]\) such that \(\phi_j(0)=\phi_j'(0)=0\), \(0<\phi_1(t)<\phi_2(t)\) for \(t\in(0,b]\). It turns out that \((S_1,S_2)\) is a bs-pair in \(\mathbb C^+\) iff \[ \lim_{x\to0}\inf\frac{\phi_2(x)-\phi_1(x)}{\phi_1(x)}>0. \] Some results for Jordan domains \(G\), \(G_1\), \(G_2\), \(G=G_1\cap G_2\), are added in section 3.