Existence of quasipattern solutions of the Swift-Hohenberg equation (Q2435007): Difference between revisions

In this paper the authors proved the existence of a special kind of stationary solution (that is independent of \(t\)), bifurcating from 0 (that is tending towards zero when the parameter \(\tau\) tends towards 0) which is called quasipatterns of the two-dimensional swift Hohenberg partial differential equations of the form: \[ {\partial U\over\partial t}=\lambda U-(1+\Delta)^2U-U^3 \leqno(1) \] where \(U\) is the unknown real-valued function on some subset of \({\mathbb R}^+\times{\mathbb R}^2\), \[ \Delta= \bigg({\partial^2\over\partial x_1^2}+{\partial^2\over\partial x_2^2}\bigg), \] and \(\lambda\) is a parameter. \noindent These are two-dimensional patterns that have no translation symmetry and are quasiperiodic in any spatial direction. \noindent More precisely speaking the problem is to find a special kind of solution defined on \({\mathbb R}^2\) of the steady stationary Swift-Hohenberg equation (follows from (1)) of the form: \[ (1+\Delta)^2U-\lambda U+U^3=0 \leqno(2) \] They proved the existence of a (nonzero) \(\pi/q\) -- rotation invariant solution of the form \[ U(x)=\sum_{k\in\gamma}u^{(k)}e^{ikx} \leqno(3) \] where: \(k_j=\exp{i\pi(j-1)\over q},\quad j=1,\dots,2q\), are the \(2q\) unit vectors of the plane identified with roots of unity; belonging to a ''Sobolev'' like space \({\mathcal H}_s\), \(s\geq0\) with the norm \[ \|U\|_s^2=\sum_{k\in\Gamma}|u^{(k)}|^2(1+N_k^2)^s<+\infty \leqno(4) \] where \(\Gamma\) -- is the set of linear combinations of vectors \(k_j\) with nonnegative integer coefficients; \(N_k\) -- is the natural number, denotes the minimal length of the linear combinations of the \(k_j\), \(s\) needed to reach \(k\). \noindent The main result of the paper is described (main theorem) by the following theorem (cf -- theorem 19 in the paper) { Main theorem:} For any \(q\geq4\) and any \(s>q/2\) there exists \(\lambda_0>0\) such that for \(0<\lambda<\lambda_0\) there exists a quasipattern solution of the Swift-Hohenberg steady equation (2) in \({\mathcal H}_s\) bifurcating from 0 and invariant under rotations of the angle \(\pi/q\). Its asymptotic expansion at the origin is given by the formal expansion with the identification of order \(\varepsilon\) (cf. formula (12) in the paper). \noindent In the proof they used the Fourier expansions with wavevectors cf. (3), the method of spectrum theory, the method of Hilbert spaces, and the perturbations theory. The paper is written in good manner.