Existence of quasipattern solutions of the Swift-Hohenberg equation

DOI10.1007/S00205-013-0627-7MaRDI QIDQ2435007zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Laurent Stolovitch, Boele Braaksma, Gérard Iooss

Publication date 3 February 2014

Published in Archive for Rational Mechanics and Analysis (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1211.5128

existence of the solution pattern formation theory quasi-periodic perturbations quasipattern solutions small divison problem Swift-Hohenberg equation

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Existence problems for PDEs: global existence, local existence, non-existence (35A01) Perturbations in context of PDEs (35B20) Pattern formations in context of PDEs (35B36) Asymptotic behavior of solutions to PDEs (35B40) PDEs in connection with fluid mechanics (35Q35) Free convection (76R10)

Abstract: We consider the steady Swift - Hohenberg partial differential equation. It is a one-parameter family of PDE on the plane, modeling for example Rayleigh - B'enard convection. For values of the parameter near its critical value, we look for small solutions, quasiperiodic in all directions of the plane and which are invariant under rotations of angle pi/q, qgeq 4. We solve an unusual small divisor problem, and prove the existence of solutions for small parameter values.

Review text

In this paper the authors proved the existence of a special kind of stationary solution (that is independent of \(t\)), bifurcating from 0 (that is tending towards zero when the parameter \(\tau\) tends towards 0) which is called quasipatterns of the two-dimensional swift Hohenberg partial differential equations of the form: \[ {\partial U\over\partial t}=\lambda U-(1+\Delta)^2U-U^3 \leqno(1) \] where \(U\) is the unknown real-valued function on some subset of \({\mathbb R}^+\times{\mathbb R}^2\), \[ \Delta= \bigg({\partial^2\over\partial x_1^2}+{\partial^2\over\partial x_2^2}\bigg), \] and \(\lambda\) is a parameter. \noindent These are two-dimensional patterns that have no translation symmetry and are quasiperiodic in any spatial direction. \noindent More precisely speaking the problem is to find a special kind of solution defined on \({\mathbb R}^2\) of the steady stationary Swift-Hohenberg equation (follows from (1)) of the form: \[ (1+\Delta)^2U-\lambda U+U^3=0 \leqno(2) \] They proved the existence of a (nonzero) \(\pi/q\) -- rotation invariant solution of the form \[ U(x)=\sum_{k\in\gamma}u^{(k)}e^{ikx} \leqno(3) \] where: \(k_j=\exp{i\pi(j-1)\over q},\quad j=1,\dots,2q\), are the \(2q\) unit vectors of the plane identified with roots of unity; belonging to a Sobolev like space \({\mathcal H}_s\), \(s\geq0\) with the norm \[ \|U\|_s^2=\sum_{k\in\Gamma}|u^{(k)}|^2(1+N_k^2)^s<+\infty \leqno(4) \] where \(\Gamma\) -- is the set of linear combinations of vectors \(k_j\) with nonnegative integer coefficients; \(N_k\) -- is the natural number, denotes the minimal length of the linear combinations of the \(k_j\), \(s\) needed to reach \(k\). \noindent The main result of the paper is described (main theorem) by the following theorem (cf -- theorem 19 in the paper) { Main theorem:} For any \(q\geq4\) and any \(s>q/2\) there exists \(\lambda_0>0\) such that for \(0<\lambda<\lambda_0\) there exists a quasipattern solution of the Swift-Hohenberg steady equation (2) in \({\mathcal H}_s\) bifurcating from 0 and invariant under rotations of the angle \(\pi/q\). Its asymptotic expansion at the origin is given by the formal expansion with the identification of order \(\varepsilon\) (cf. formula (12) in the paper). \noindent In the proof they used the Fourier expansions with wavevectors cf. (3), the method of spectrum theory, the method of Hilbert spaces, and the perturbations theory. The paper is written in good manner.

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